Abstract. P.O. The emergence of clusters of traditions and cultural civilization of the wider Igbo society and the influence of the Western culture necessitated the need to review the traditional Igbo marriage and customs. Research is revealing trends that Americans are . Most African Americans get married but chances of the marriage lasting are slim. This paper takes the case of gender based violence (GBV) as a power that threatens the marriage institution. During the ceremony, the couple dances while guests throw money at them or put it on their foreheads., The Igbos wedding traditions are really different from weddings in the United States of America. These enquiries are crucial because the couple entering into marriage each represents its family in the relationship. There are consequences on those who breached this norm. However, it is common to see some people taking part in all these forms of marriage. It argues that not only does gender based violence risk the health and wellbeing of the married couple, children and the society, but also its continuous 'coexistence' with marriage threatens the realization of the essential properties of marriage (unity and indissolubility). The escalating experiences of violence as force among married couples, call to question what it means to be husband and wife or whether marriage is merely an ideal so difficult to realize. Efundula: Wo men's Initiation, Gender and Sexual Identities in Colonial and Post-Colonial Northern Namibia, Obstacles in the Way of Love: The Enslavement of Intimacy in Samuel Crowther and Ama Ata Aidoo, Optimal pipeline connection for the west african gas pipeline network, Towards an African Atlantic: Ama Ata Aidoo's diasporic theater. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Little wonder Mary felt so concerned when the marriage ran out of wine. Once she finds him, he takes a few sips of the wine, and they are married. The African marriage is an integral part of the whole African culture and was a rite of passage for every mature [3] But right here is a summary of procedures before and after the Nuptials, the Xhosa way. In various traditional African societies, the African woman possessed the power that binds the society together. See also Bonnie B. Keller, "Marriage by Elopement," African Social Research 27 (1979), 565-585. After the traditional marriage ceremony, they went for Court Registry ceremony and ended up in Church wedding. Its an honor due to them that recycles to the couple when they become parent. The Igbos people are located in the southeastern part of Nigeria. Throughout the continent, the diversity of systems reflects the traditions, religions, and economic circumstances of a wide variety of distinct cultures. In the extended family, aunts, uncles, cousins, and grandparents played important roles. The family occupies a pivotal place in every society and in the Africa continent at large. He is a contributor for the International Social Magazine, African Pride Magazine, International Punch and African News Digest. Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. 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An analysis of the cultural aspects of the marriage in the Shona traditional religion in Zimbabwe, Religion Mariage and Family Values in Africa, Traditional Marriage System in Ikwerre from Pre colonial Times to the Recent Past, Title Women Subjugating Women: Re-Reading Mariama B's So Long a Letter and Scarlet Song Publication Date, UNDERSTANDING SAME SEX MARRIAGE AND ITS ETHICAL IMPLICATIONS ON AFRICAN VALUE SYSTEM: A CRITICAL STUDY OF THE NIGERIAN SOCIETY, is a Senior Research Fellow and Head of Religions and Philosophy Unit at the Institute of African Studies, Contemporary Zongo Communities in Accra Interfaith Marriages: The Case of Muslims and Christians in Accra, Elisheva Baumgarten, Judaism, in Don S. Browning and Marcia J. 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The list of issues that defy a conclusive reasoning is non exhaustive especially within the context of the same sex marriage debate and they include - the socio-cultural and psychological disconnect that children are exposed to when their parents are gay or transgender, the ever evolving definition of a family unit, the inadequacy of the laws available to take care but largely vague in interpretation, who raises the children in a same sex marriage setting among others. bo society dominated the early centuries from 1408 to the present period. This article investigates links between ilobolo (bridewealth) practices and marriage outcomes in contemporary Zulu society. Woman-to-woman marriage can also be beneficial to persons other than the female husband. Philosophers have also disputed the underlying moral and legal rationales for the structure of marriage, with implications for questions such as the content of its moral obligations and the legal recognition of same-sex marriage. This is not to say that indigenous African spirituality represents a form of theocracy or religious totalitarianism not at all. He is a prolific writer and columnist for Christian Herald, Christian Faith Trumpet and Christian Mirror. During this event, relations and the community witness the dowry and bride items given to the womans parent. In many African societies the expectant mother may be smarred all over her body with white chalk and wears protective amulets. So, modern couples are usually raised in traditional society, but with a lot of influences from modern, often western, education, television, radio, and so on. African traditional society and culture basing on an Afrocentric view can be depicted as an existent entity whereas the individuals belonging to a particular African society have and practice the traditions of that particular society and adhere to the culture in one way or the other. - The more wives a man has, the more political alliances he makes. Every country has their own way of marrying two people that want to spend the rest of their life together. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds toupgrade your browser. It summarizes gender issues under students perceptions of gender roles, norms, and practices in relation to themselves, their peer group, and their perceptions of generational change compared with those of their parents and grandparents. Unfortunately the status of Zimbabwean women is still in a sad state due to the prevalence of masculinist and patriarchal norms that negatively portray Zimbabwean women as subordinates and men as dominating all aspects of life. Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer. The parents and close relations are duly intimated as required by the custom. Key words: Africa, culture, Women's right, Yoruba Introduction Discourse on the rights of women in Africa has been a major focus of contemporary scholarship in Africa. The ceremony opportune members of both families to know and familiarized themselves. In traditional African society, marriage between close relatives is not allowed. moral confusion and conflict that presently confront African Christians at marriage. Marriage takes many forms in Africa. It takes faith that requires belief in miracle to pledge ones life to another. In a modern family people is less subject to the parental control in the matter of mate choice. There are many reasons why Africans practised polygamy but here are the common reasons given through the years: - A man's wealth is measured by the number of wives and children he has. In traditional African societies, the law enforcement agents, traditional police and courts were responsible for ensuring compliance with the laws of the land. In The Nile Tributaries of Abyssinia (1867), Samuel Baker documents a steady slave trade from Abyssinia and Sudan to Egypt and the harbour towns of the Red Sea coast. (c) Give six ways the Traditional Africans used to maintain their relationship with the Once the wedding day comes, it is usually held at the brides compound. Its important to put records right especially as most African rich traditions are branded demonic. "West Africa family systems were severely repressed throughout the New World (Guttmann, 1976)". Feminist philosophers have seen marriage as playing a crucial role in women's oppression and thus a central topic of justice. these traditional African societies girls bodies were also heavily decorated by women themselves in their societys signs and symbols. society, there exists within the African traditional marriage system resources available, which if discerned and learned properly can help checkmate or even stalemate some of the ills it suffers today. I was sadly mistaken with what I thought of this world when the topic of marriage was expressed., MARRIAGE IN TRADITIONAL AFRICAN SOCIETY AND ITS RELEVANCE. Cambridge-Africa Programme. In this way, African culture and values can be revaluated, their relevance established and sustained in order to give credence to authentic African identity. After the traditional marriage some clergy would require a Probate [court] Registry certificate before they could conduct Church weddings. The debate on HIV and AIDS has attracted necessary attention in all facets of Zimbabwean life. Today, the assumption is that all people, men and women, understand the urgent need to openly discuss and negotiate the need for safe sex, whichever way necessary, for the preservation of life and the integrity of families. In this vein, traditional sex laws are relatively relevance in all African society to avoid a breach of good . There are also other factors, such as, industrialisation, migration, inculturation, globalisation, information technology which have played a role in the changes of the African cultures. In general, all ceremonies use the same principles. The focus is on the collective more than the individual. Hopefully by representing marriages to God, there would be a fresh touch of God on relationships and the Holy Spirit shall put together the pieces, making them whole. ."); Talking Points on Traditional Marriage, CONCERNED WOMEN Efundula: Wo men's Initiation, Gender and Sexual Identities in Colonial and Post-Colonial Northern Namibia, Toward a Virtue Ethics of Marriage: Augustine and Aquinas on Friendship in Marriage, Same Sex Marriage - Recent Legal Developments in the USA, South Africa and Nigeria, Family in Africa - Opportunities and Challenges -article, PERCEPTIONS ON FORCED SEX IN MARRIAGE IN THE CAPE COAST METROPOLIS OF GHANA, CONJUGAL MORALITY IN EPHESIANS 5:21-33: IMPLICATION FOR AFRICAN, Re-thinking Gender Based Violence and its Implications on the Marriage Institution, The Barren Womb - Exploring the Christocentric Significance of the Suffering of Infertility in Catholic Marriages, DETERMINANTS OF INFIDELITY AMONG MARRIED COUPLES IN MWINGI CENTRAL CONSTITUENCY, KITUI COUNTY, KENYA, (2018) BOOK: On Vocation and Destiny: A Study in the Human Person and Marriage. Bibliography Hopkins, E.W.. (1918). letters from the traditional council. Different cultures have different rituals and beliefs about marriage. So unhappy is the woman who fails to get children. TRADITIONAL ETHICS AND THE MAINTENANCE OF SOCIAL The essence is to serve God or gods effectively to avert its wrath and punishment. In traditional rural African societies, the contraction of marriage was dominated by arranged marriages whereby parents usually indulged in the selection of marriage partners for their children; this was mostly common for their daughters. Africa culture is all about the ethnic groups family traditions, the literature, art and music shows the religion along with the social paths of their culture. Marriage in South Africa exists in a number of different forms, as a result of the diversity of religions and cultures in the country. Marriage and Enslavement in Africa: Connections and Comparisons. 3. 3 (3), 14 35. This paper is comprised of a literature review and an annotated bibliography of past and current empirical and theoretical scholarship and policy analysis concerning the de jure and de facto rules and norms of inheritance practices in African societies, particularly with regard to physical assets, and their effects on the intergenerational Customarily, in practically all these traditional African societies girls' bodies were also heavily decorated by women themselves in their society's signs and symbols. They believe that the dead will need those things in the spirit . The history of marriage customs in Africa are, interestingly, based on practices that other cultures around the world have historically practiced. The Role of Folk Music in Traditional African Society: The Igbo Experience 306 marriage rites, post natal ceremonies and other domestic duties. The cultural values form a moral code, which regulates the community. These items show evidence of ownership and when accepted by brides father or his representative evidence transfer authority of ownership of the bride from the father to the husband. Christian marriage is different from traditional marriage in Igbo nation. This is where the suitor either devoted his services for a period of time to the parents of the maiden he wished to marry, he would offer to hunt for them or even assisting to make canoes, or, When Africans were brought to America during slavery they were forced to give up most of their heritage and were usually separated from their families. A community has distinct beliefs, customs and cultural practices. The African marriage is full of deep-rooted culture that cannot be wished away. Woman-to-woman marriage involves the following persons: 1) the female husband . These approaches to marital . Most couples these days appear in wedding gowns and suits rather than put on our rich traditional costumes. When being married in the United states the man proposes or whatever the case is in the relationship, but in the Igbos relationship it is the family that plays part in the proposal. It is what it means to be male or female in a certain society that shapes the opportunities one is offered in life, the roles one may play, and the kinds of relationships one may have. 10.2307/1971859 JSTOR And through all the hardships they had placed on them, they developed strong emotional bonds and family ties. It is foundational. In some African Churches, couples that had performed their traditional marriage rites and live together without wedding are misconstrued fornicators. society, there exists within the African traditional marriage system resources available, which if discerned and learned properly can help checkmate or even stalemate some of the ills it suffers today. Thank goodness Government has approved some Churches as marriage centers. 5. Isukha Traditional Marriage Processes and Rituals in Pre-Colonial Kenya. Keywords: same sex marriage, regulation, institution. The Role of Folk Music in Traditional African Society: The Igbo Experience 306 marriage rites, post natal ceremonies and other domestic duties. In fact the survival of the family and the future of marriage depended a These laws are cultural values. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds toupgrade your browser. The point is that this Blessed be the God of all creation for being in the business of creating marriages as well as rebuilding and amending them. The parents of the young girls have certain requirements for their daughters future husband. Nina Evason, 2017. Marriage plays significant roles in the Igbo status system for the individuals and their family and relatives. This paper looks at how African marriage and family have evolved as a result of direct contact with both Islam and Christianity. single-parent families, gay couples, etc.) in life. representation in traditional sexuality. families, and misses the many meanings and practices of marriage that coexist in our society. At marriage, every African Christian couple, especially in mission-founded churches, is confronted with three worlds the world of the traditional culture to which most parents of marrying-age children belong; the world of the civil or The Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights on the Rights of Women (Protocol to the African Charter),13 article 2(1)(b) provides that state parties must enact and effectively implement appropriate legislative or regulatory measures, 11 South Africa ratified the CEDAW in 1996 and presented its first Country Report in 1998 . To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds toupgrade your browser. Enquires are instituted by both families concerning the behavior, character and most times religion of the families as well as marital status. Traditional counselling is a growing area of interest in African contemporary society, especially amongst members of the counselling profession. The article explores a variety of marital counselling approaches relevant to African settings: indigenous, Western, Christian and Islamic. Couples in these Churches have no need going through Court Registry marriages anymore. Grounding its argument from the conceptual understanding of marriage from both the African and the Roman Catholic Church points of view, the paper discusses the aspect of hegemonic masculinities as one of the root causes of gender based violence that threatens the marriage bond. and expand our definitions and limits. This article discusses how Wangari Maathai's life experiences narrated in her autobiography Unbowed offers an opportunity for discussing the contradictions surrounding the perception, place and identity of women in African politics.Against the backdrop of gendered nationalism which glorifies the role and place of women in the construction of nations, the article presents a different . Contact: Usually they bring kola nuts and palm wine to feast on. Second, the continued Eurocentric descriptions and characterization of the African traditional family as some what depraved lead to the use of such terms as bride price, avoidance social taboos, segregated relationships, lack of love and tenderness in African marriages and families. In African societies, the people see marriage as proof that a man is mature and is capable of taking care of the family he will build with his wife. Its the start of a new life for the bride and groom, together and out of the households of their parents., Arranged Marriage is a form of Marriage when your parents, families, and communities pick who your significant other is. Some clergies use the text of this passage in exhortation during wedding ceremonies to an extent that many people mistaken the ceremony to a wedding instead of traditional marriage. Again neither the Jewish synagogues nor their temples had a place for wedding. What is interesting is that, even though Christianity is a religion that has been associated with equality and freedoms of every human soul, the status of women in relation to polygamy in the apostolic sects have topped the debate. Significant roles in the relationship modern family people is less subject to the parental control in the spirit wider! Control in the Igbo Experience 306 marriage rites, post natal ceremonies and other domestic.. 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